מחקרים רבים עוסקים בשנים האחרונות בסוגיית תגובת גוף האדם לתרופות, המבוססת על מבנה גנטי אופייני. מצ"ב מאמרים מדעיים המציגים את חשיבותו המכרעת של אפיון המבנה הגנטי האישי של מטופלים בתרופות כגון טמוקסיפן (לטיפול בסרטן שד), קומדין (לטיפול בקרישת דם) וכן בתרופות כנגד דיכאון וחרדה. כנגזרת לחשיבות זו, מציעה חברת Fugene בדיקה גנטית לשם התאמת תרופות למבנה הגנטי של כל מטופל ומטופל.     טמוקסיפן (טיפול בסרטן שד):     ·          Vincent O. Dezentje, Henk-Jan Guchelaar, JohanW.R. Nortier, CornelisJ.H. van deVelde, and Hans Gelderblom. Clinical Implications of CYP2D6 Genotyping in Tamoxifen Treatment for Breast Cancer. Clin Cancer Res 2009;15 15(1) January 1, 2009. ·         Yan Jin, Zeruesenay Desta, Vered Stearns, Bryan Ward, Herbert Ho,Kyung-Hoon Lee, Todd Skaar, Anna Maria Storniolo, Lang Li, Adjei Araba, Rebecca Blanchard, Anne Nguyen, Lynda Ullmer, Jill Hayden, Suzanne Lemler, Richard M. Weinshilboum, James M. Rae, Daniel F. Hayes, David A. Flockhart. CYP2D6 Genotype, Antidepressant Use, and Tamoxifen Metabolism During Adjuvant Breast Cancer Treatment. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 97, No. 1, January 5, 2005.   ·          Matthew P. Goetz, Stacey K. Knox, Vera J. Suman , James M. Rae Stephanie L. Safgren Matthew M. Ames, Daniel W. Visscher, Carol Reynolds , Fergus J. Couch, Wilma L. Lingle, Richard M. Weinshilboum, Emily G. Barr Fritcher, Andrea M. Nibbe, Zeruesenay Desta, Anne Nguyen, David A. Flockhart, Edith A. Perez, James N. Ingle. The impact of cytochrome P450 2D6 metabolism in women receiving adjuvant tamoxifen. BreastCancer Res Treat (2007) 101:113–121.   ·          James M Rae, Matthew P Goetz, Daniel F Hayes, James N Ingle, Lang Li, Anna Maria Storniolo, Vered Stearns and David A Flockhart. CYP2D6 genotype and tamoxifen response. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jan;83(1):160-6.   ·          MP Goetz, A Kamal and MM Ames. Tamoxifen Pharmacogenomics: The Role of CYP2D6 as a Predictor of Drug Response. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2008 Jan;83(1):160-6.   ·          Vered Stearns, Michael D. Johnson, James M. Rae, Alan Morocho, Antonella Novielli, Pankaj Bhargava, Daniel F. Hayes, Zeruesenay Desta, David A. Flockhart. Active Tamoxifen Metabolite Plasma Concentrations After Coadministration of Tamoxifen and the Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitor Paroxetine. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, Vol. 95, No. 23, December 3, 2003 :1758-1764.       קומדין (טיפול בקרישת דם):   ·          Hatice Yildirim, Lulufer Tamer, Nehir Sucu, Uğur Atik. The Role of CYP2C9 Gene Polymorphisms on Anticoagulant Therapy after Heart ValveReplacement. Med Princ Pract 2008;17:464–467.   ·          Gregory M. Cooper, Julie A. Johnson, Taimour Y. Langaee, Hua Feng, Ian B. Stanaway, Ute I. Schwarz, Marylyn D. Ritchie, C. Michael Stein, Dan M. Roden, Joshua D. Smith, David L. Veenstra, Allan E. Rettie, and Mark J. Rieder. A genome-wide scan for common genetic variants with a large influence on warfarin maintenance dose. Blood. 2008 August 15; 112(4): 1022–1027.   ·          International Warfarin Pharmacogenetics Consortium, Klein TE, Altman RB, Eriksson N, Gage BF, Kimmel SE, Lee MT, Limdi NA, Page D, Roden DM, Wagner MJ, Caldwell MD, Johnson JA. Estimation of the Warfarin Dose with Clinical and Pharmacogenetic Data. N Engl J Med. 2009 Feb 19;360(8):811-3.   ·          Tom Schalekamp, Bjorn P. Brassé, Janine F. M. Roijers, Youssef Chahid, Johanna H. H. van Geest-Daalderop, Hanneke de Vries-Goldschmeding, Eduard M. van Wijk, Antoine C. G. Egberts,, and Anthonius de Boer. VKORC1 and CYP2C9 genotypes and acenocoumarol anticoagulation status: Interaction between both genotypes affects overanticoagulation. CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY & THERAPEUTICS 2006;80(1):13-22.   ·          M Wadelius and M Pirmohamed. Pharmacogenetics of warfarin: current status and future challenges. The Pharmacogenomics Journal (2007) 7, 99–111. doi:10.1038/sj.tpj.6500417.   ·          John F. Carlquist, Benjamin D. Horne, Joseph B. Muhlestein, Donald L. Lappe´, Bryant M. Whiting, Matthew J. Kolek, Jessica L. Clarke, Brent C. James, Jeffrey L. Anderson. Genotypes of the cytochrome p450 isoform, CYP2C9, and the vitamin K epoxide reductase complex subunit 1 conjointly determine stable warfarin dose: a prospective study. J Thromb Thrombolysis (2006) 22:191–197.   ·          Maria Gabriella Scordo, Vittorio Pengo, Edoardo Spina, Marja Liisa Dahl, Milena Gusella, and Roberto Padrini. Influence of CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 genetic polymorphisms on warfarin maintenance dose and metabolic clearance. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2002 Dec;72(6):702-10.       תרופות כנגד דיכאון וחרדה:     ·          PW Schenk, MAC van Fessem, S Verploegh-Van Rij, RAA Mathot, T van   Gelder, AG Vulto, M van Vliet, J Lindemans, JA Bruijn and RHN van Schaik. Association of graded allele-specific changes in CYP2D6 function with imipramine dose requirement in a largegroup of depressed patients. Molecular Psychiatry (2008) 13, 597–605.   ·          L Bertilsson. Metabolism of Antidepressant and Neuroleptic Drugs by Cytochrome P450s: Clinical and Interethnic Aspects. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2007 Nov;82(5):606-9. Epub 2007 Sep 26.   ·          D Tomalik-Scharte, A Lazar, U Fuhr and J Kirchheiner.The clinical role of genetic polymorphisms in drug-metabolizing enzymes. The Pharmacogenomics Journal (2008) 8, 4–15.   ·          Maria G. Scordo, Edoardo Spina, Marja-Liisa Dahl, Giuliana Gatti and Emilio Perucca. Influence of CYP2C9, 2C19 and 2D6 Genetic Polymorphisms on the Steady-State Plasma on concentrations of the Enantiomers of Fluoxetine and Norfluoxetine. Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology 2005, 97, 296–301.     ·          Bijl MJ, Visser LE, Hofman A, Vulto AG, van Gelder T, Stricker BH, van Schaik RH. Influence of the CYP2D6*4 polymorphism on dose, switching and discontinuation of antidepressants. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2008 Apr;65(4):558-64.    ·           Matchar DB, Thakur ME, Grossman I, McCrory DC, Orlando LA, Steffens DC, Goldstein DB, Cline KE, Gray RN. Testing for cytochrome P450 polymorphisms in adults with non-psychotic depression treated with selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs). Evid Rep Technol Assess (Full Rep). 2007 Jan;(146):1-77.

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